Human health affected by climate change: BBC News Review
Human health affected by climate change: BBC News Review
A new report on climate change has concluded that rising temperatures are seriously harming human health.
The report from a group of universities and UN agencies says that more people are being affected by heatwaves, a poor diet and the spread of disease.
[Cover image: GETTY IMAGES]
Vocabulary:
taking a toll
causing harm or damage over time
swelter
feel uncomfortably hot
flee
escape quickly from a dangerous place
Learn more here: http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningenglish/english/course/newsreview
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I haven’t seen program like this I appreciate u guys
We have three yers to stop climate change or all the oceans are gonna die and the co2 will suffocate all life on earth!!
Many thanks for this great video. By the way, I am a little bit confused. Why did they use plural form for "heatwaves" but singular form for "diet" (a poor diet) in the extract from BBC news bulletin?
Swelter, taking a toll and flee
Neil and Dan in the same program is the real meaning of anyone.
You’re doing a good job.But i suggest you to subtitle it.
According to the Vostok Ice Core Records, CO2 level changes have followed Earth’s overall temperature changes at an 800 year lag for the last 800,000 years. That means that our current CO2 levels are the result of Earth’s overall temperature 800 years ago. World leaders have convinced their dependents that this works in the reverse order, relatively quickly, and that we are to blame, so that they can tax us out of a false shared guilt in order to be able to afford to "fight" climate change, an unstoppable natural cycle. The following is the source of this information:
Historical Carbon Dioxide Record from the Vostok Ice Core
Investigators
J.-M. Barnola, D. Raynaud, C. Lorius
Laboratoire de Glaciologie et de Géophysique de l’Environnement,
CNRS, BP96,
38402 Saint Martin d’Heres Cedex, France
N.I. Barkov
Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute,
Beringa Street 38, 199397,
St. Petersburg, Russia
Period of Record
417,160 – 2,342 years BP
Methods
In January 1998, the collaborative ice-drilling project between Russia, the United States, and France at the Russian Vostok station in East Antarctica yielded the deepest ice core ever recovered, reaching a depth of 3,623 m (Petit et al. 1997, 1999). Ice cores are unique with their entrapped air inclusions enabling direct records of past changes in atmospheric trace-gas composition. Preliminary data indicate the Vostok ice-core record extends through four climate cycles, with ice slightly older than 400 kyr (Petit et al. 1997, 1999). Because air bubbles do not close at the surface of the ice sheet but only near the firn-ice transition (that is, at ~90 m below the surface at Vostok), the air extracted from the ice is younger than the surrounding ice (Barnola et al. 1991). Using semiempirical models of densification applied to past Vostok climate conditions, Barnola et al. (1991) reported that the age difference between air and ice may be ~6000 years during the coldest periods instead of ~4000 years, as previously assumed. Ice samples were cut with a bandsaw in a cold room (at about -15°C) as close as possible to the center of the core in order to avoid surface contamination (Barnola et al. 1983). Gas extraction and measurements were performed with the "Grenoble analytical setup," which involved crushing the ice sample (~40 g) under vacuum in a stainless-steel container without melting it, expanding the gas released during the crushing in a pre-evacuated sampling loop, and analyzing the CO2 concentrations by gas chromatography (Barnola et al. 1983). The analytical system, except for the stainless-steel container in which the ice was crushed, was calibrated for each ice sample measurement with a standard mixture of CO2 in nitrogen and oxygen. For further details on the experimental procedures and the dating of the successive ice layers at Vostok, see Barnola et al. (1987, 1991), Lorius et al. (1985), and Petit et al. (1999).
Trends
There is a close correlation between Antarctic temperature and atmospheric concentrations of CO2 (Barnola et al. 1987). The extension of the Vostok CO2 record shows that the main trends of CO2 are similar for each glacial cycle. Major transitions from the lowest to the highest values are associated with glacial-interglacial transitions. During these transitions, the atmospheric concentrations of CO2 rises from 180 to 280-300 ppmv (Petit et al. 1999). The extension of the Vostok CO2 record shows the present-day levels of CO2 are unprecedented during the past 420 kyr. Pre-industrial Holocene levels (~280 ppmv) are found during all interglacials, with the highest values (~300 ppmv) found approximately 323 kyr BP. When the Vostok ice core data were compared with other ice core data (Delmas et al. 1980; Neftel et al. 1982) for the past 30,000 – 40,000 years, good agreement was found between the records: all show low CO2 values [~200 parts per million by volume (ppmv)] during the Last Glacial Maximum and increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations associated with the glacial-Holocene transition. According to Barnola et al. (1991) and Petit et al. (1999) these measurements indicate that, at the beginning of the deglaciations, the CO2 increase either was in phase or lagged by less than ~1000 years with respect to the Antarctic temperature, whereas it clearly lagged behind the temperature at the onset of the glaciations.
References
Barnola, J.-M., D. Raynaud, A. Neftel, and H. Oeschger. 1983. Comparison of CO2 measurements by two laboratories on air from bubbles in polar ice. Nature 303:410-13.
Barnola, J.-M., D. Raynaud, Y.S. Korotkevich, and C. Lorius. 1987. Vostok ice core provides 160,000-year record of atmospheric CO2. Nature 329:408-14.
Barnola, J.-M., P. Pimienta, D. Raynaud, and Y.S. Korotkevich. 1991. CO2-climate relationship as deduced from the Vostok ice core: A re-examination based on new measurements and on a re-evaluation of the air dating. Tellus 43(B):83- 90.
Delmas, R.J., J.-M. Ascencio, and M. Legrand. 1980. Polar ice evidence that atmospheric CO2 20,000 yr BP was 50% of present. Nature 284:155-57.
Jouzel, J., C. Lorius, J.R. Petit, C. Genthon, N.I. Barkov, V.M. Kotlyakov, and V.M. Petrov. 1987. Vostok ice core: A continuous isotopic temperature record over the last climatic cycle (160,000 years). Nature 329:403-8.
Lorius, C., J. Jouzel, C. Ritz, L. Merlivat, N.I. Barkov, Y.S. Korotkevich, and V.M. Kotlyakov. 1985. A 150,000-year climatic record from Antarctic ice. Nature 316:591-96.
Neftel, A., H. Oeschger, J. Schwander, B. Stauffer, and R. Zumbrunn. 1982. Ice core measurements give atmospheric CO2 content during the past 40,000 yr. Nature 295:220-23.
Pepin, L., D. Raynaud, J.-M. Barnola, and M.F. Loutre. 2001. Hemispheric roles of climate forcings during glacial-interglacial transitions as deduced from the Vostok record and LLN-2D model experiments. Journal of Geophysical Research 106 (D23): 31,885-31,892.
Petit, J.R., I. Basile, A. Leruyuet, D. Raynaud, C. Lorius, J. Jouzel, M. Stievenard, V.Y. Lipenkov, N.I. Barkov, B.B. Kudryashov, M. Davis, E. Saltzman, and V. Kotlyakov. 1997. Four climate cycles in Vostok ice core. Nature 387: 359-360.
Petit, J.R., J. Jouzel, D. Raynaud, N.I. Barkov, J.-M. Barnola, I. Basile, M. Benders, J. Chappellaz, M. Davis, G. Delayque, M. Delmotte, V.M. Kotlyakov, M. Legrand, V.Y. Lipenkov, C. Lorius, L. Pépin, C. Ritz, E. Saltzman, and M. Stievenard. 1999. Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica. Nature 399: 429-436.
Raynaud, D., and J.-M. Barnola. 1985. An Antarctic ice core reveals atmospheric CO2 variations over the past few centuries. Nature 315:309-11.
CITE AS: Barnola, J.-M., D. Raynaud, C. Lorius, and N.I. Barkov. 2003. Historical CO2 record from the Vostok ice core. In Trends: A Compendium of Data on Global Change. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A.
Revised February 2003
I fall in love this program of bbc thank you both.
i can’t stand the swelter so i flee this place. i know that it can take me a toll if i stay longer.
Thank you for your clear presentation always to learn english
I have been listening your programme for few months and l could really improve my English language.
Stop calling it climate change…..thats just a nicer way of saying GOBAL WARNING
Good job
Thanks thanks and bundles of thanks we are seekers to learn english
Having a junk food in your diets everyday takes a toll for your health.
We should wear a comfortable shirt today, it is a sweltering day.
My mother flee from the kitchen, when the stove make a noise sound in the kitchen.
These sort of vocabulary is very crucial for us. I have been still pursuing of this channel.
better and better , thank you BBC~
AMAZING
Great^^
While debating climate change, i think there is one thing we have forgotten or overlooked that way back in history, we have stopped doing and never started since. The sumerian tablets state that at some point we decided that clearing the waterways was too great a burden. Now with our sun not setting in its proper place on the horizon and magnetic and true north changing more than we are used to, we simply arent compensating for the path of our water’s flow across undeveloped lands. The water flows with the magnetic currents from the magnetic poles. The evidence of this occurring long long ago it topographically evident and needs to be used as a route map. Globally we need to adjust the waters route and this will not only halt many catasrophies from occurring, but provide the work and new farmable land that will keep us from loosing resources. This will also halt the migration of peoples to the large cities that will have no supply line anymore, thereby collapsing the economy and civilization as we know it. This will save us. Thank you.
Its been an interest topic.
Hye guys I really appreciate it
Thanks guys, so much useful articles
Spending too much time in watching computer screen will take a toll. Your health will be affected
When hearing the alarming emergency, I flee very fast
A pollution as air, a melting as sea riseing and a increase as a temperature a next decade your media as a aspect to the point of change.
A wide variety of things can be done to protect our environment. One of the things that can be done is to make the existing road vehicles more fuel efficient. Nearly all petrol vehicles that are on the roads today are suitable to have LPG systems installed. LPG is a cleaner and cheaper fuel. Petrol will still be needed to start the engine but then the LPG system will soon activate. The rate of petrol consumption will reduce which will cut emissions and still benefit the environment. Hybrid cars, electric cars and even hydrogen powered cars are all good too.
I really like these guys and this program ! Thank you !
Very nice
Thank u for helping us with English
I like you two boys
Dan n Neil , you both are amazing. With your help ,I am improving my English. Thanks to BBC and to you as well.
Skewing the human race for profit has always been the goal of the 1%. Goeengineering and 5G set to kill life on Earth, protest that!
I’ve just come to know that according to you, the phrasal verb ‘taking a toll of something’ is being used in England by the meaning of paying for some negative, uncomfortable or foolish behaviour, not just paying for a toll when crossing a bridge or passing through a road. Thanks a ton, BBC Learning English! 🙂
I couldn’t listen to BBC in the past and this is the first time I can catch and understand the video 80% . I ‘ll make the best of it to master English one day. My dream ‘ll be come true b/c BBC is an indispensable part of my morning routine now.
I am a big fan of BBC.. Thank u so much for updates
It was 7 minit english today .not 6
It’s nice! I’d like a script to reading, where can I get one?
I want to flee from the sweltering weather lacking of focusing is taking its toll !
I love you Neil, I love you Dan, I also love Rob and Katherine, Sam and Feifei. All of you are amazing! You made me fall in love with British accent over and over. Thnk you so much for your efforts and your asset, I will be always loyal to your beneficial channel ♥️!
Hi ielts students )✋✋
Thank you, i try to understand , sometime i know what you Say, but many often i m not able to understand anything, that makes me feel bored in going on learning englich
Because hit taking a toll healthcare many terrorist fled in dessert’ they scared sweltering
The excessive habit of losing weight can take its toll on the health.
There are large numbers of people fleeing from their countries for safety.
Thank you very much
Thank you